mongodb入門。windowsにサーバとmongosh(CLIクライント)をインストール。CRUD操作をしてみる。SQL文と違って、コマンドというか関数っぽい感じなのね。
とりあえず、まず何をすればいいんだ？
windowsにmongodbサーバをインストールしてみよう。
https://www.mongodb.com/try/download/community
mongoshというコマンドラインツールを使う。
https://www.mongodb.com/docs/mongodb-shell/
mongodbのインストール先にmongoshを配置、環境変数の設定もする
C:\Program Files\MongoDB\Server\7.0\bin\mongosh.exe
mongoshというコマンドだけでローカルmongodbサーバに接続に行くっぽい(mongodb://localhost:27017/)
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mongosh Current Mongosh Log ID: 662af818755826876b46b798 Connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/?directConnection=true&serverSelectionTimeoutMS=2000&appName=mongosh+2.2.5 Using MongoDB: 7.0.8 Using Mongosh: 2.2.5 For mongosh info see: https://docs.mongodb.com/mongodb-shell/ ------ The server generated these startup warnings when booting 2024-04-25T17:40:24.910+09:00: Access control is not enabled for the database. Read and write access to data and configuration is unrestricted ------ |
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# どんなデータベースがあるか？最初から３つあるっぽい。 show dbs admin 40.00 KiB config 72.00 KiB local 40.00 KiB # DB作成はuse DB名で自動生成される use myDB # コレクション（テーブル）も同じく自動生成 myDB> db.createCollection("persons") { ok: 1 } myDB> show collections persons # INSERTでレコード(ドキュメント)生成。 db.persons.insert({ name : "adam" , age : 25 }) DeprecationWarning: Collection.insert() is deprecated. Use insertOne, insertMany, or bulkWrite. { acknowledged: true, insertedIds: { '0': ObjectId('662afabf755826876b46b799') } } # 非推奨のinsertを使うな！というのでinsertOneを使う db.getCollection('persons').insertOne({ name: 'bell', age: 20, }) { acknowledged: true, insertedId: ObjectId('662afbb6755826876b46b79a') } # getCollection無しでも行けた。 db.persons.insertOne({ name: 'cecil', age: 15, }) { acknowledged: true, insertedId: ObjectId('662afc4b755826876b46b79b') } # 複数挿入のinsertMany db.persons.insertMany([ { name: 'adam', age: 25 }, { name: 'david', age: 35 } ]) { acknowledged: true, insertedIds: { '0': ObjectId('662afdaa755826876b46b79c'), '1': ObjectId('662afdaa755826876b46b79d') } } # bulkWriteは、異なる種類の操作（挿入、更新、削除）を一括操作できるらしい。トランザクション？ db.collection.bulkWrite([ { insertOne: { document: { item: "journal", qty: 25 } } }, { updateOne: { filter: { item: "notebook" }, update: { $set: { qty: 60 } } }}, { deleteOne: { filter: { item: "paper" } }} ]); # SELECT文 myDB> db.persons.find() [ { _id: ObjectId('662afbb6755826876b46b79a'), name: 'bell', age: 20 }, { _id: ObjectId('662afc4b755826876b46b79b'), name: 'cecil', age: 15 }, { _id: ObjectId('662afdaa755826876b46b79c'), name: 'adam', age: 25 }, { _id: ObjectId('662afdaa755826876b46b79d'), name: 'david', age: 35 } ] # WHERE文 db.persons.find( {name:'adam'} ) [ { _id: ObjectId('662afdaa755826876b46b79c'), name: 'adam', age: 25 } ] myDB> db.persons.find({age:{$gte:20}}) [ { _id: ObjectId('662afbb6755826876b46b79a'), name: 'bell', age: 20 }, { _id: ObjectId('662afdaa755826876b46b79c'), name: 'adam', age: 25 }, { _id: ObjectId('662afdaa755826876b46b79d'), name: 'david', age: 35 } ] myDB> db.persons.find({age:{$gt:20}}) [ { _id: ObjectId('662afdaa755826876b46b79c'), name: 'adam', age: 25 }, { _id: ObjectId('662afdaa755826876b46b79d'), name: 'david', age: 35 } ] # OR条件 myDB> db.persons.find({$or:[ {age:20}, {age:35} ]}) [ { _id: ObjectId('662afbb6755826876b46b79a'), name: 'bell', age: 20 }, { _id: ObjectId('662afdaa755826876b46b79d'), name: 'david', age: 35 } ] # SELECT name FROM persons db.persons.find({}, {name:1}) [ { _id: ObjectId('662afbb6755826876b46b79a'), name: 'bell' }, { _id: ObjectId('662afc4b755826876b46b79b'), name: 'cecil' }, { _id: ObjectId('662afdaa755826876b46b79c'), name: 'adam' }, { _id: ObjectId('662afdaa755826876b46b79d'), name: 'david' } ] # ORDER BY 昇順なら1 降順なら-1 db.persons.find().sort({ age: 1 }) [ { _id: ObjectId('662afc4b755826876b46b79b'), name: 'cecil', age: 15 }, { _id: ObjectId('662afbb6755826876b46b79a'), name: 'bell', age: 20 }, { _id: ObjectId('662afdaa755826876b46b79c'), name: 'adam', age: 25 }, { _id: ObjectId('662afdaa755826876b46b79d'), name: 'david', age: 35 } ] # 急にsexフィールドを追加 db.persons.insertOne({ name: 'edy', age: 55, sex: 'male' }) { acknowledged: true, insertedId: ObjectId('662b0299755826876b46b79f') } db.persons.find().sort({ age: 1 }) [ { _id: ObjectId('662afc4b755826876b46b79b'), name: 'cecil', age: 15 }, { _id: ObjectId('662afbb6755826876b46b79a'), name: 'bell', age: 20 }, { _id: ObjectId('662afdaa755826876b46b79c'), name: 'adam', age: 25 }, { _id: ObjectId('662afdaa755826876b46b79d'), name: 'david', age: 35 }, { _id: ObjectId('662b0299755826876b46b79f'), name: 'edy', age: 55, sex: 'male' } ] # 特定フィールドが存在するドキュメントだけ抽出。これはmysqlに無いね！ db.persons.find({ sex:{$exists:true} }, {_id:0}) [ { name: 'edy', age: 55, sex: 'male' } ] # count(*) myDB> db.persons.countDocuments() 4 # UPDATE文。最初がWHERE条件で、第二引数がSET db.persons.updateOne( { name: "adam" }, { $set: { age: 30 } } ) { acknowledged: true, insertedId: null, matchedCount: 1, modifiedCount: 1, upsertedCount: 0 } # DELETE文 db.persons.deleteOne({ name: "adam" }) { acknowledged: true, deletedCount: 1 } # drop table db.persons.drop() |